test: Explicitly test linking the C++ runtime statically

Dockerfile.dev

@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@ RUN cd test && \
         for test in hello-cpp hello-exception tlstest-main exception-locale exception-reduced global-terminate; do \
             $arch-w64-mingw32-clang++ $test.cpp -o $arch/$test.exe || exit 1; \
         done; \
+        for test in hello-exception; do \
+            $arch-w64-mingw32-clang++ $test.cpp -static -o $arch/$test-static.exe || exit 1; \
+        done; \
         for test in tlstest-lib; do \
             $arch-w64-mingw32-clang++ $test.cpp -shared -o $arch/$test.dll || exit 1; \
         done; \